Uvod
Ta modul bo obravnaval najboljše metode za poučevanje ljudi z učnimi težavami. Najprej bomo predstavili tehnike, ki se uporabljajo pri osebah z motnjo avtističnega spektra (ASD), kot so DTT (Discrete Trial Training), PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System) in FCT (Functional Communication Training).
V teh treh razdelkih bomo razložili teorijo in zagotovili korake za izvedbo.
Drugi del modula obravnava problematiko inkluzivnega izobraževanja in daje predloge, kako ustvariti inkluzivno in prijetno okolje za učence. To je ključnega pomena za integracijo odraslih z učnimi težavami v družbo.
Učni cilji
Po zaključku tega modula bo udeleženec:
- Seznanjen s tehnikami za poučevanje učencev z različnimi učnimi težavami in koraki za izvajanje teh tehnik.
- Zavedal se bo pomena inkluzivnega izobraževanja.
- Vedel, kako ustvariti inkluzivno učilnico za vse učence, vključno s tistimi z učnimi težavami.
- Zavedal se bo pomena izobraževanja za enakovredno vključevanje vseh ljudi v družbo.
- Ugotavljal okoljske in družbene ovire za vključevanje in kako jih premagati
- Uporabljal ideje za inkluzivne izobraževalne prakse v razredu.
- Ozaveščen o pogostih ovirah, s katerimi se srečujejo učenci s posebnimi izobraževalnimi potrebami in učnimi težavami
- Razvijal nabor orodij splošnih pristopov k poučevanju, da bodo lekcije bolj vključujoče za učence s posebnimi izobraževalnimi potrebami in učnimi težavami.
- Določal načine za prilagajanje in izboljšanje učnih gradiv, da bodo le-ta bolj dostopna.
Trajanje
Približni čas, ki ga bodo morali udeleženci nameniti temu modulu, je 3 ure, vključno z dodatnimi viri in prilogami.
Zaheve
Za izvedbo tega modula ni posebnih zahtev. Edina potrebna stvar je računalnik in internetna povezava.
Predlagani viri za nadaljnje branje
- MOOC Future Learn - Creating an Inclusive Classroom: Approaches to Supporting Learners with SEND in Computing: https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/creating-an-inclusive-classroom-approaches-to-supporting-learners-with-send-in-computing
- MOOC Future Learn - Education for All: Disability, Diversity and Inclusion: https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/education-for-all
- MOOC EDX - Teaching & Learning in the Diverse Classroom: https://www.edx.org/course/teaching-learning-in-the-diverse-classroom
- MOOC Coursera - Disability Inclusion in Education: Building Systems of Support: https://www.coursera.org/learn/disability-inclusion-education
- MOOC Future Learn - Create Accessible Interfaces: https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/create-accessible-interfaces
- MOOC Coursera - An Introduction to Accessibility and Inclusive Design: https://www.coursera.org/learn/accessibility
- Online Course “Assisting Differently Abled People with the Improvement of Their Emotional and Sexual Needs” that is part of the Erasmus+ project “Special Intimacy Needs Educator” https://www.specialintimacy.eu/course-en
- MOOC Coursera - Learning How to Learn: Powerful mental tools to help you master tough subjects: https://www.coursera.org/learn/learning-how-to-learn
- The Inclusion Toolbox: Strategies and Techniques for All Teachers1st Edition, from Jennifer A. Kurth and Megan N. Gross
Reference
- Bogin, J., Sullivan, L., Rogers, S., & Stabel. A. (2010). Steps for implementation: Discrete trial training. Sacramento, CA: The National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders, The M.I.N.D. Institute, The University of California at Davis School of Medicine.
- Components of an ABA program – what is discrete trial teaching? Lizard Centre. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.lizardcentre.com/components-aba-program-discrete-trial-teaching/ .
- Pratt C., & Steward, L. (2018). Discrete trial training: What is it? Retrieved from Discrete Trial Teaching: What is it? Articles: Indiana Resource Center for Autism: Indiana University Bloomington
- Overcash, A., & Horton, C. (2010). The picture exchange communication system: Helping individuals gain functional communication. Autism Advocate, 3, 21-24
- Reeve, C. (2020). 10 reasons why I like the Picture Exchange Communication System. Autism Classroom Resources. Retrieved from https://autismclassroomresources.com/10-reasons-why-i-like-picture-exchange/ .
- Collet-Klingenberg, L. (2008). PECS: Steps for implementation. Madison, WI: The National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders, The Waisman Center, The University of Wisconsin.
- Andrew S. Bondy and Lori A. Frost (1994). Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities. Focus Autism 1994; 9; 1 DOI: 10.1177/108835769400900301. The online version of this article can be found at: The Picture Exchange Communication System - Andrew S. Bondy, Lori A. Frost, 1994 (sagepub.com)
- Durand, V. S. & Moskowitz, L. (2015). Functional communication training: thirty years of treating challenging behaviour. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 35(2), 116-126. doi:10.1177/0271121415569509
- Durand, M. (1990). Problemas graves de conducta: Un enfoque de entrenamiento en comunicación funcional. NY. Guilford.
- Franzone, E. (2009). Steps for implementation: Functional communication training. Madison, WI: The National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin.
- gov.uk. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.calderdale.gov.uk/v2/residents/education-and-learning/adult-learning/blog/adult-learning-disabilities .
- Debenham, L. (2018). Social Inclusion and Learning difficulties. Retrieved from http://www.aboutlearningdisabilities.co.uk/social-inclusion-learning-disabilities.html .